A Comprehensive Guide to International Trademark Registration (The Madrid System)
In today’s competitive business world, a trademark is far more than just a logo or a name; it is one of your business’s most valuable intangible assets, representing [...]
How to Obtain a Foreigner’s ID Assignment Code (FIDA Code) in Iran
Today, to use social, educational, medical, and financial services, every individual must register their legal identity in the country’s official systems. For Iranian citizens, this identity verification is [...]
The Difference Between a Trade Name and a Trademark Under Iranian Law
One of the most common mistakes in business literature is using the terms “trade name” and “trademark” as synonyms, even though from a legal perspective they have completely [...]
How Rental Income Tax Works in Iran: Calculation, Exemptions, and Deadlines
Income derived from renting out real estate is one of the most common sources of income for many property owners in Iran. However, like other types of income, [...]
What Is Patent Priority Right? An Overview Under Iranian Law
In today’s world, where innovation spreads rapidly, patent registration is one of the most important tools for protecting intellectual achievements. Many inventors and companies, after filing a patent [...]
What Is an Economic Code in Iran and Why Is It Important for Businesses?
An economic code in Iran is one of the most important legal identifiers for individuals and businesses engaged in economic activities. Any natural or legal person involved in [...]
Trademark Cancellation Due to Non-Use Under Iranian Law
In intellectual property law, exclusive rights are granted to encourage innovation, investment, and commercial development. These protections apply to inventors, authors, industrial designers, and trademark owners, with the [...]
Conversion of a Private Joint‑Stock Company to a Public Joint‑Stock Company in Iran; Steps and Requirements
As private joint‑stock companies grow and expand, their original legal structure may no longer meet their financial and investment needs. In such situations, one of the most important legal [...]
Differences Between Special Economic Zones and Free Trade–Industrial Zones in Iran
Many investors, companies, and business operators evaluating investment opportunities in Iran encounter two similar terms: Special Economic Zones (SEZs) and Free Trade–Industrial Zones (FTIZs). At first glance, these [...]
CEO in Joint-Stock Companies in Iran: Appointment, Duties and Legal Restrictions
The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is one of the central figures in the management structure of a joint‑stock company. In practice, the CEO is considered the company’s highest [...]